Comparative study on growth of leafy vegetables grown in a hybrid BFT-aquaponics using Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica and hydroponics

Aquaponics is a cultivation system that combines aquaculture and agricultural hydroponics. This study investigated the productivity of leafy vegetables cultivated in hybrid biofloc technology-aquaponics (HBFT-AP) using Japanese eel fed two kinds diets (Mash, commercial powdered feed extruded pellet [EP]) hydroponics (HP).The mash was to fish type dough mixed with water for 6 weeks (Exp1) switched EP containing 2.7% monobasic potassium phosphate (MKP) subsequent (Exp2). Leafy 8 cultivar were employed experiment quality [dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/L), pH, temperature (°C), electrical conductivity (EC; ?s/cm), turbidity (NTU), TAN (NH3 + NH4 +) (mg/L), NO2-N NO3-N (mg/L) PO4-P (mg/L)] measured times week. vegetable (HBFT-AP vs HP) compared respective experiment, which similar or somewhat higher HBFT-AP. During 12-week feeding trial, concentrations nitrite (NO2-N) phosphorus (PO4-P) kept low variability while total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) levels increased time At end trials, values weight gain (WG, %), efficiency (FE, specific growth rate (SGR, %) protein ratio (PER) Exp2 than Exp1. As well, hematocrit (PCV, plasma K (mEq/L) inorganic (mg/dL) found (p < 0.05) where (EP: 38.60%, 2.80 mEq/L 7.04 g/dL; Mash: 33.20%, 1.95 5.50 g/dL). HBFT-AP MKP had (4 cultivar) those HP. Also, showed Pi (m/dL) powder diet.